1.英语倒装句的分类。

2.如何区分“兼语句”和“主谓短语充当宾语的句子”

3.举例说明句类、句型、句式三者的不同

4.英语句子的种类和用法,有哪些啊?

5.一个句子怎么看是宾补和副词

6.英语句子怎么分类?

7.很多高中学生都搞不太懂英语从句,从句有几大分类?

英语句子的基本结构_英语句子分类

一般疑问句。

2. 特殊疑问句 。

3. 选择疑问句。

4. 反意疑问句。

特殊疑问句:

特殊疑问句是以特殊疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有:what 、who 、whose 、which 、when 、where 、how 、why等。

回答特殊疑问句时,不能用yes / no,即问什么答什么,尤其是简略回答。

一般疑问句:

一般疑问句是疑问句的一种。它是指用yes(是)或no(否)来回答的句子。其结构是:

系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语+其他成分。

选择疑问句:

选择疑问句是用or连接询问的两部分,以供选择,答案必须是完整的句子或其省略形式,不能用Yes或No回答一般提出两种或两种以上的可能,问对方选择哪一种.其结构可用一般疑问句,也可用特殊疑问句.供选择的两部分用or连接。

反义疑问句:

(The Disjunctive Question 或 Question tags) 即附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。 反义疑问句由两部分组成:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句,两部分的人称时态应保持一致。

主要形式:陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式 ;陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式 。

英语倒装句的分类。

总分:名词性从句;包括主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语。作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由下列词引导:

形容词性从句;即定语从句 起修饰限制先行词的作用

副词性从句 即状语从句 修饰整句话 作状语

如何区分“兼语句”和“主谓短语充当宾语的句子”

倒装句就是将正常的陈述语序加以变化,主要作用是强调被提前的部分

倒装句可分为全部倒装和部分倒装两种:

一?、全部倒装

谓语动词提前至主语之前为全部倒装,如:

Out came his guest.

On the hill stood a little cottage that contained heaps of hay.

There lived an elderly lady whose husband died long ago.

二、部分倒装

助动词或情态动词提至主语之前,谓语动词位置不变,即为部分倒装,如:

Neither could he see through your plan.

So little did I know about him that I was easily taken in by his words.

Doesn't her invitation eal to you?

第一节 否定词提前倒装

否定词用于句首时,句子应进行部分倒装

否定词常用的有:

Not only…(but also),      Not until(直到…..才),

No sooner….(than)(一…..就) Never/ Rarely/Seldom

Hardly/Scarcely… (when) Few/Little

Neither/Nor (也不)        Nwhere

At no time        Under no circumstances(决不)

On no account (决不)       In no way

其中not only, no sooner, hardly, scarcely 分别和but (also), than, when搭配使用,需注意:后一组词之后的部分不进行倒装,只有否定词之后的部分倒装

如:Hardly had I arrived home when it began to rain.

Not only was he able to enter the final round of the contest, but he came out first as well.

No sooner had I got any chance to speak than the clerk slammed the door in my face.

Seldom does he trel about.

Under no circumstances should you betray your own country.

此类倒装句一般出现在填空题中,需填入的是倒装部分,只要在句首见到上述的词,就应条件反射的想到用倒装句

例题:

(1)

---- was the first fully successful transatlantic cable finally laid.

(A) Not until 1866

(B) Until 1866, just

(C) Until 1866

(D) In 1866, not until

答案:A

解释:由被动式was laid被名词短语分割开可知, 此句是个部分倒装句, 选项中只有A否定词提前可引导倒装句, 1866应是until的宾语, 故D不对; 此句正常语序应为: The first fully successful transatlantic cable was not finally laid until 1866.

(2)

Not until 1931 ---- the official anthem of the United States.

(A) “The Star-spangled Banner” did become

(B) when “The Star-spangled Banner” became

(C) did “The Star-spangled Banner” become

(D) became “The Star-spangled Banner”

答案:C

解释:否定词not放在句首引起部分倒装,只有C符合倒装语序

第二节 介词、分词词组提前倒装

当句子没有宾语,且主语偏长时,往往将句中作状语的介词短语或作表语的形容词短语或作表语的分词短语提至句首,引起主谓的全部倒装

如:In the middle of the river floated the cluster of plants that she had cast.

Characteristic of an anarchist was her strong opposition to the , which she had blamed for all the social injustices.

Lying on the grassland is a pretty girl in her early twenties.

例题:

(1)

Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent ----, or pronghorn.

(A) it is the American antelope

(B) the American antelope is

(C) is the American antelope

(D) the American antelope

答案:C

解释:此句为形容词短语be typical of作表语前置引起的完全倒装句, 空白处缺少的实为倒装的主语和谓语动词, A B未倒装, 可首先排除; D无动词, 也可排除. 此句正常语序应为: The American antelope, or pronghorn, is typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent.

(2)

The glaciers that reached the Pacific Coast were valley glaciers, and between those tongues of ice ----that allowed the original forests to survive.

(A) that many sanctuaries were

(B) were many sanctuaries

(C) were there many sanctuaries

(D) there the many sanctuaries

答案:B

解释:and是并列句的连接词,逗号前是分句一,and后是分句二. 因分句二中between引导的介词短语提前,空格处需要分句二倒装的主谓语,D无谓语,可先排除;A使原句只有从句无主句; C中there是多余的,只能选B

第三节 副词提前倒装

副词提至句首引起倒装,可分以下几种情况:

1. only + 副词(when, before, if, after等)

或only+介词状语(由in, under, by, on, after等引导)提前,必须部分倒装

如:Only then did he realize how stupid he had been.

Only after entering the store did Arthur realize that there was danger.

Only in the library can she concentrate on her study.

2. often, such, so等副词提前,部分倒装

如: So diligently did he work that he got hight scores on the final exam.

=He worked so diligently that he got hight scores on the final exam.

Such was his wish that the world would stay away from war forever.

Often did we go on a holiday in hot summer.

注意,so的另一种倒装是表示“也…”

California relies heily on income from crops, and so does Florida.

加利福尼亚过多的依赖于来自农作物的收入,佛罗里达也是这样

 

同理,体会一下neither, nor的倒装

He can't dance, neither/nor can I.= I can't, either.

他不会跳舞,我也不会。

 

3. in, out, down, up, away, off, here, there, over等副词提前,全部倒装

如:Off got the staggering gentlemen.

Here are the photos I took at the seaside.

例题:

(1)

 As inevitably as human culture has changed with the passing of time, so does the

A      B     C        D

 environment.

答案:D

应改为:has

解释:逗号后是副词so引起的倒装句,表示同前者相同,倒装的助动词应与前一句一致,也用has

(2)

Only outside the Earth's atmosphere ---- to attain extremely high velocities.

(A) to be safe for a space vessel

(B) is it safe for a space vessel

(C) for a space vessel to be safe

(D) a space vessel to be safe

答案:B

解释:副词only引导状语放在句首时,句子需要部分倒装,只有B符合题意

第四节 疑问倒装

疑问句需部分倒装语序,由于经常用到不会成为考试的难点。

如:What part did he play in Hamlet?

Do you prefer tea or coffee?

例题:

(1)

Of the millions who saw Haley's comet in 1986, how many people----long enough to see it return in the twenty-first century.

(A) will they live

(B) they will be living

(C) will live

(D) living

答案:C

解释:此句是how many 引导的疑问句, 缺少倒装的谓语部分, 但因主语people已出现在句首疑问词之后, 不需要再进行主谓倒装. A B 中的they是people的重复, 没有必要; D 不能单独作谓语

举例说明句类、句型、句式三者的不同

1、兼语句和主谓短语做宾语的句子首先句子的第一个动词不同:

兼语句的第一个动词多是具有使令意义的动词,如“使、让、派、请、请求”等,而主谓短语做宾语的句子句中第一个动词没有使令意义,如“相信、希望、知道、同意”等;

2、兼语句和主谓短语的语音停顿位置不同:

兼语句的第一个动词后面不能停顿,而主谓短语做宾语的句子,可以在第一个动词后停顿。

3、兼语句和主谓短语的插入状语位置不同:

兼语句只能在动词之后的名词后插入状语,如“他们派老王担任这个职务”一句,只能在“老王”后插入状语。

例:他们派老王今后担任这个职务,所以“他们派老王担任这个职务”是兼语句,

主谓短语做宾语的句子,可以在第一个动词后插入状语,如“他们同意老王担任这个职务”,可以在“同意”后面插入状语。

例:他们同意今后老王担任这个职务,所以“他们同意老王担任这个职务”是主谓短语做宾语的句子。

扩展资料:

1、兼语句的谓语是由动宾短语套接主谓短语构成的,动宾短语的宾语兼做主谓短语的主语。兼语句中兼语的谓语(第二动词)是前边动作所要达到的目的或产生的结果,即兼语前后两个动词在语意上有一定联系,兼语句,是句中某一部分同时兼有两种不同的语句成分。

2、主谓短语是短语的结构分类之一,它由两个成分组成。前一个成分的功能是提出主题,称为主语;后一个成分对主题加以陈述,称为谓语。主语和谓语构成了主谓关系(或主述关系,即“主题—陈述”关系)。

主谓短语可以担任的角色相当广泛,上面用过的例子中,有些主语、谓语、定语的本身就是由主谓短语担任的,此外,宾语、补语、状语、中心语也可以是主谓短语。主谓短语也是许多单句和复句中的分句的主要结构。

参考资料:

百度百科-兼语句

参考资料:

百度百科-主谓短语

英语句子的种类和用法,有哪些啊?

句型和句类是用不同的标准对句子分类的叫法。他们的不同在于:句类是根据句子的语气分类出来的;句型是根据句子的结构分类出来的;而句式指的是句子的组织模式。具体如下:

句类:即按照句子的语气划分,有陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句4种。比如:

我喜欢吃葡萄。 (陈述句)

你喜欢吃葡萄吗?(疑问句)

葡萄真好吃啊!(感叹句)

句型:句子的结构类型。根据构成句子的语词的不同类别、序列、搭配方式等等,汉语的句子类型可分为主谓句、非主谓句、被动句、倒装句、兼语句、连动句等。比如:

我被这个问题难住了。 (被动句)

我的解释你明白了吗?(主谓句)

多么壮丽的山河啊!(非主谓句)

句式: 一个句子必须按照一定的模式来组织,这个模式称为句式。比如排比句式,命令句式等等。共有:判断句、被动句、宾前置语、成分省略句、否定句中代词宾语前置、疑问句中代词宾语前置、介词宾语提前、定语后置、状语后置、主语后置。比如:

这是世上少有的珍品啊!(判断句)

臣何罪之有?(宾前置语)

我家有一只小狗,雪白雪白的。(定语后置)

一个句子怎么看是宾补和副词

一、陈述句:是用来陈述一件事情或表示一种看法,可分为肯定句和否定句两种形式。

1、谓语动词是be动词,助动词he, has, will,情态动词can等时,只要直接在这些词后面加not就构成否定形式。

eg. Lily has already read this new book. (改为否定句)

Lily ______ ______ this new book ________.

2、谓语动词是行为动词而又没有助动词或情态动词时,必须在谓语动词前加助动词,一般现在时加助动词do ,第三人称单数加does,一般过去时加did,再和not构成否定结构。必须指出的是:don't, doesn't, didn't后都用动词原形。

eg.1)Jill has lunch at school every day. (改为否定句)

Jill _____ _____ lunch at school every day.

2)The children had a good time at the party. (改为否定句)

The children ______ _____ a good time at the party.

3)Rose didn't drink any milk this morning.(改为肯定句)

Rose ______ ______ milk this morning.

二、疑问句:是用来提出问题的句子。

A.一般疑问句:以be动词, he /has/do等助动词、can/may等情态动词开头,以yes或no来回答的问句。

它的基本结构是:Be/He /Has/Did等助动词(包括情态动词)+主语+谓语(包括表语)+┄?回答常用简略回答。

1、谓语动词是be动词、助动词、情态动词时,只要直接把这些词置于句首,句末改成问号。

eg. There's something wrong with his bike.(改成疑问句)

______ _____ _______ wrong with his bike?

2、谓语动词是行为动词时,必须在句首加上助动词Do、Does(三单)、Did(过去式)加上这些助动词后,句子中谓语动词必须用原形。

eg. 1)Edison built a science lab himself when he was ten. (改成疑问句)

______ Edison ______ a science lab himself when he was ten?

2)Those Japanese like Chinese food.(改成疑问句)

______ those Japanese ________ Chinese food?

注意:在把肯定句改成否定句或一般疑问句的时候,要注意句中是否有already、some、something、somebody等词,如果有也必须进行改变,already要改成yet,some、something、somebody等分别改成any、anything、anybody等。另外,在改成否定句的时候注意把too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等.在改成一般疑问句的时候,常常把第一人称I、we改成第二人称you。

B.特殊疑问句:以疑问代词或疑问副词开头,提出疑问的句子。

它的基本结构是:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序。但是如果疑问词在句子中作主语或作主语的定语,就用特殊疑问词+陈述句语序。常用的疑问词有:what, who(whom), whose,which,when,where,how,why等,回答时针对问句中的代词和副词来回答,不用yes或no来回答。

1)对指物名词或谓语动词提出疑问,疑问词用what

①The twins were making a kite when their mother came in. (划线提问)

______ _____ the twins _____ when their mother came in?

②Mrs Turner asked her son to buy some eggs for supper. (划线提问)

_______ ______ Mrs Turner ask her son ______ _______?

2)对名词前定语提出疑问,疑问词应用which,而且必须和名词连用。

I'm going to take the shirt on the right.(划线提问)

______ _____ are you going to take?

3)对指人名词或代词提问用who,作宾语时提问用whom。

eg.Li Ping,they,his father

4)对物主代词和名词所有格提问用whose。

eg. Li Ping's coat→Whose coat my father→Whose father

5)对具体时间提出疑问,如 in the morning,last Sunday等,疑问词用when;对具体几点钟提问,疑问词应用what time。

6)对具体地点提出疑问,疑问词应用where。

The pupils are hing a picnic at the foot of the hill. (划线提问)

_____ _____ the pupils hing a picnic?

7)对表原因的从句提问,常见的有because引导的从句,疑问词应用why。

Xiao Cheng didn't go to the farm with us because he was ill. (划线提问)

_______ _____ Xiao Cheng go to the farm with us?

8)对方式或程度等提出疑问,用疑问词How。

eg. go by bike like very much

9)对数量提出疑问,疑问词为How many,要注意how many必须跟名词的复数形式。

eg. two hundred sheep→How many sheep

10)对价格提出疑问,疑问词用How much。

eg. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater.

______ ______ did you pay for the sweater?

11)对时间长度提出疑问,疑问词应用How long。

eg. I've worked in that factory for two years. (划线提问)96中考题

______ _____ _______ you worked in that factory?

12)对时间频率,如 once a year, twice a week等提问,疑问词用How often。

13)对具体次数,如 once, twice, three times等提问,疑问词用How many times。

eg. ______ did he call you the day before yesterday?Twice. 96中考题

A.What time B.How many times C.How much D.How long

14)对in+一段时间提问,疑问词一般用How soon。

eg. Jane and her brother will finish the work in two hours. (划线提问)

_____ _____ _____ Jane and her brother finish the work?

15)对距离提出疑问,疑问词用How far。

eg. It's about two kilometres from here to the country.(划线提问)

______ _____ _____ _____ from here to the country?

16)另外,对日期、星期、天气等提出疑问,则分别用

What's the date?

What day is it ? 如果是过去时间,就用was代替is。

What's the weather like?

练习题

1)She does exercises at home in the evening.(改成否定句、一般疑问句)

She ______ ______ exercises at home in the evening.

______ she _____ exercises at home in the evening?

2)He said something important at the meeting.(改为否定句,一般疑问句)

He _____ ______ ______ important at the meeting.

______ he ______ ______ important at the meeting?

3)It'll take them three weeks to finish the work.(划线提问)

______ ______ _______ it take them to finish the work?

4)I he to wash all the plates and things after meals.(划线提问)

_____ _____ you he to wash all the plates and things?

5)The woman in the red coat is her mother.(划线提问)

______ ______ is her mother?

6)Li Ping spent twenty yuan on the dictionary.(划线提问)

_____ ____ ____ Li Ping _____ on the dictionary?

思考题

1)The worker's visited the factory already.(改成否定句、一般疑问句)

The worker _____ _____ the factory ______.

____ the worker ___ the factory __?

2)Both of his parents are workers.(改成否定句)

___ of his parents ______ a worker.

3)He went to the park with his sister.(划线提问)

_____ ____ ____ he go to the park?

4)We really enjoyed working on the farm.(划线提问)

What _____ you really enjoy ______?

5)She writes to her parents once a week.(划线提问)

_______ ______ ______ she write to her parents?

6)Our P.E teacher has been at this school since he came.(划线提问)

______ ______ ______ our P.E teacher been at this school?

一、陈述句:是用来陈述一件事情或表示一种看法,可分为肯定句和否定句两种形式。

1、谓语动词是be动词,助动词he, has, will,情态动词can等时,只要直接在这些词后面加not就构成否定形式。

eg. Lily has already read this new book. (改为否定句)

Lily ______ ______ this new book ________.

2、谓语动词是行为动词而又没有助动词或情态动词时,必须在谓语动词前加助动词,一般现在时加助动词do ,第三人称单数加does,一般过去时加did,再和not构成否定结构。必须指出的是:don't, doesn't, didn't后都用动词原形。

eg.1)Jill has lunch at school every day. (改为否定句)

Jill _____ _____ lunch at school every day.

2)The children had a good time at the party. (改为否定句)

The children ______ _____ a good time at the party.

3)Rose didn't drink any milk this morning.(改为肯定句)

Rose ______ ______ milk this morning.

二、疑问句:是用来提出问题的句子。

A.一般疑问句:以be动词, he /has/do等助动词、can/may等情态动词开头,以yes或no来回答的问句。

它的基本结构是:Be/He /Has/Did等助动词(包括情态动词)+主语+谓语(包括表语)+┄?回答常用简略回答。

1、谓语动词是be动词、助动词、情态动词时,只要直接把这些词置于句首,句末改成问号。

eg. There's something wrong with his bike.(改成疑问句)

______ _____ _______ wrong with his bike?

2、谓语动词是行为动词时,必须在句首加上助动词Do、Does(三单)、Did(过去式)加上这些助动词后,句子中谓语动词必须用原形。

eg. 1)Edison built a science lab himself when he was ten. (改成疑问句)

______ Edison ______ a science lab himself when he was ten?

2)Those Japanese like Chinese food.(改成疑问句)

______ those Japanese ________ Chinese food?

注意:在把肯定句改成否定句或一般疑问句的时候,要注意句中是否有already、some、something、somebody等词,如果有也必须进行改变,already要改成yet,some、something、somebody等分别改成any、anything、anybody等。另外,在改成否定句的时候注意把too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等.在改成一般疑问句的时候,常常把第一人称I、we改成第二人称you。

B.特殊疑问句:以疑问代词或疑问副词开头,提出疑问的句子。

它的基本结构是:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序。但是如果疑问词在句子中作主语或作主语的定语,就用特殊疑问词+陈述句语序。常用的疑问词有:what, who(whom), whose,which,when,where,how,why等,回答时针对问句中的代词和副词来回答,不用yes或no来回答。

1)对指物名词或谓语动词提出疑问,疑问词用what

①The twins were making a kite when their mother came in. (划线提问)

______ _____ the twins _____ when their mother came in?

②Mrs Turner asked her son to buy some eggs for supper. (划线提问)

_______ ______ Mrs Turner ask her son ______ _______?

2)对名词前定语提出疑问,疑问词应用which,而且必须和名词连用。

I'm going to take the shirt on the right.(划线提问)

______ _____ are you going to take?

3)对指人名词或代词提问用who,作宾语时提问用whom。

eg.Li Ping,they,his father

4)对物主代词和名词所有格提问用whose。

eg. Li Ping's coat→Whose coat my father→Whose father

5)对具体时间提出疑问,如 in the morning,last Sunday等,疑问词用when;对具体几点钟提问,疑问词应用what time。

6)对具体地点提出疑问,疑问词应用where。

The pupils are hing a picnic at the foot of the hill. (划线提问)

_____ _____ the pupils hing a picnic?

7)对表原因的从句提问,常见的有because引导的从句,疑问词应用why。

Xiao Cheng didn't go to the farm with us because he was ill. (划线提问)

_______ _____ Xiao Cheng go to the farm with us?

8)对方式或程度等提出疑问,用疑问词How。

eg. go by bike like very much

9)对数量提出疑问,疑问词为How many,要注意how many必须跟名词的复数形式。

eg. two hundred sheep→How many sheep

10)对价格提出疑问,疑问词用How much。

eg. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater.

______ ______ did you pay for the sweater?

11)对时间长度提出疑问,疑问词应用How long。

eg. I've worked in that factory for two years. (划线提问)96中考题

______ _____ _______ you worked in that factory?

12)对时间频率,如 once a year, twice a week等提问,疑问词用How often。

13)对具体次数,如 once, twice, three times等提问,疑问词用How many times。

eg. ______ did he call you the day before yesterday?Twice. 96中考题

A.What time B.How many times C.How much D.How long

14)对in+一段时间提问,疑问词一般用How soon。

eg. Jane and her brother will finish the work in two hours. (划线提问)

_____ _____ _____ Jane and her brother finish the work?

15)对距离提出疑问,疑问词用How far。

eg. It's about two kilometres from here to the country.(划线提问)

______ _____ _____ _____ from here to the country?

16)另外,对日期、星期、天气等提出疑问,则分别用

What's the date?

What day is it ? 如果是过去时间,就用was代替is。

What's the weather like?

练习题

1)She does exercises at home in the evening.(改成否定句、一般疑问句)

She ______ ______ exercises at home in the evening.

______ she _____ exercises at home in the evening?

2)He said something important at the meeting.(改为否定句,一般疑问句)

He _____ ______ ______ important at the meeting.

______ he ______ ______ important at the meeting?

3)It'll take them three weeks to finish the work.(划线提问)

______ ______ _______ it take them to finish the work?

4)I he to wash all the plates and things after meals.(划线提问)

_____ _____ you he to wash all the plates and things?

5)The woman in the red coat is her mother.(划线提问)

______ ______ is her mother?

6)Li Ping spent twenty yuan on the dictionary.(划线提问)

_____ ____ ____ Li Ping _____ on the dictionary?

思考题

1)The worker's visited the factory already.(改成否定句、一般疑问句)

The worker _____ _____ the factory ______.

____ the worker ___ the factory __?

2)Both of his parents are workers.(改成否定句)

___ of his parents ______ a worker.

3)He went to the park with his sister.(划线提问)

_____ ____ ____ he go to the park?

4)We really enjoyed working on the farm.(划线提问)

What _____ you really enjoy ______?

5)She writes to her parents once a week.(划线提问)

_______ ______ ______ she write to her parents?

6)Our P.E teacher has been at this school since he came.(划线提问)

______ ______ ______ our P.E teacher been at this school?

句型转换题是中考常见题型,它主要用来考查大家对句子结构的构成、变化的掌握及在行文中的运用等,类型繁多。现以近两年中考题为例,分类介绍如下:

[第一类] 改成否定句

英语中有关否定的结构各不相同,除动词部分构成的否定外,还有名词、代词的否定、部分否定、否定转移、以及一些表示否定意义的短语或句型等。

一、含有连系动词、情态动词等助动词的句子改为否定句时,在连系动词、情态动词等的后面加not就行了。如:(划线部分为正确答案,下同。)

1. He was late for school yesterday. (2005黑龙江省泰州市)

He wasn’t late for school yesterday.

2. The students of No.2 Middle School he gone for a picnic already. (2004新疆)

The students of No.2 Middle School hen’t gone for a picnic yet.

二、祈使句变否定句一般在其前加don’t。如:

3. Open the window. (2005江苏省)

Don’t open the window.

三、实义动词的否定式是在实义动词前加don’t, doesn’t, didn’t等。如:

4. She does the housework every day. (2005黑龙江省哈尔滨市)

She doesn’t do the housework every day.

5. He returned the book to the library this morning. (2004重庆市)

He didn’t return the book to the library this morning.

注意:变否定句时须注意某些词语的变化,如some改为any, something改为anything, already改为yet, both改为neither, all改为none等。又如:

6. Both of them are my best friends. (2004甘肃省兰州市)

Neither of them is my best friend.

[第二类] 改为疑问句

可分为一般疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。

一、变一般疑问句时,含有连系动词、情态动词的句子,只需将它们移至句首,第一个字母变为大写,句尾改为问号即可。含有实义动词的句子,在实义动词前加do, does, did等。变化过程中也要注意某些词语和人称的变化。如:

7. There’s something to eat in the cupboard.(2005贵州省贵阳市)

Is there anything to eat in the cupboard?

8. Kate does morning exercises every day. (2004山东省济南市)

Does Kate do morning exercises every day?

9. Ann returned the book to the library yesterday. (2005四川省成都市)

Did Ann return the book to the library yesterday?

二、变选择疑问句时,如果该句是一般疑问句,则在后面直接加“or+另一选择部分”就行了;若是陈述句,则要先变成一般疑问句。如:

10. John is an American. (用a Canadian改为选择疑问句)(2004新疆)

Is John an American or a Canadian?

三、变反意疑问句时,要注意“前肯后否”和“前否后肯”,还要注意一些特殊形式的反意疑问句。如:

11. She has hardly had anything this morning, has she?(2005山东省泰安市)

12. You will meet your friends at the railway station, won’t you?(2004重庆)

13. She had nothing for breakfast, did she?(2005青海)

14. There was no time for the twins to go shopping, was there?(2004黑龙江省哈尔滨市)

英语句子怎么分类?

英语句子成分有主语.谓语.表语.宾语.宾语补足语.定语.状语等。 顺序一般是主语,谓语.宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。

1、主语 主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般由名词.代词.数词.不定式等充当。 He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。

2、谓语 谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。 一般可分为两类: 1)简单谓语 由动词(或短语动词)构成。 可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。 We study for the people.我们为人民学习。 2)复合谓语:情态动词+不定式 I can speak a little English.我可以说一点英语。 My sister is a nurse.我姐姐是护士。

3、宾语 宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,能作宾语的有名词,代词,数词,动词不定式等。 We like English.我们喜欢英语。 有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。 He ge me some ink.他给了我一点墨水。 有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如: We make him our monitor.我们选他当班长。

4、表语 表语是谓语的一部分,它位于系动词如be之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。它又叫作主语补足语。表语位于系动词之后,主要由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、分词(短语)或动名词(短语)等来充当。

5、定语 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。 用作定语的主要是形容词,代词,数词,名词,副词,动词不定式,介词短语等。形容词,代词,数词,名词等作定语时,通常放在被修饰的词前面。 He is a new student.他是个新生。 但副词,动词不定式,介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后。 The bike in the room is mine.房间里的自行车是我的。

6、状语 修饰动词,形容词,副词以及全句的句子成分,叫做状语。用作状语的通常是副词,介词短语,不定式和从句等。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。 He lives in London.他住在伦敦。

[解题过程]

主语是句子叙述的主体,可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词和主语从句等来承担。 谓语说明主语所发出的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语由动词来承担。 宾语是动作的对象或承受者,常位于及物动词或介词后面。宾语可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句等来担任。

副词(adverb,简写为adv)是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、全句的词,说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词是一种半虚半实的词。副词可分为:地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词和连接副词。

副词连用顺序:程度副词+方式副词+地点副词+时间副词。 副词 fùcí [adverb] 起修饰或限制动词或形容词作用、表程度或范围的词。

分类:

1) 时间和频度副词: now,then,often,always,usually,early,today, late, next,lastday,already,generally,frequently, seldom,ever,never,yet,soon,too, immediately, finally,shortly, before, ago,sometimes, yesterday. once,twice 2) 地点副词: here, there, everywhere, anywhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, below, down, back, forward, home, upstairs, downstairs, across, along, round , around, near, off, past, up, away, on. 3) 方式副词: carefully, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally, fast, well, calmly, politely, proudly, softly, warmly 4) 程度副词: much,little, very,rather,so,too,still, quite, perfectly, enough, extremely, entirely,almost, slightly, hardly. 5) 疑问副词: how, when, where, why. 6) 关系副词: when, where, why. 7) 连接副词: therefore,moreover,however,otherwise,then.

很多高中学生都搞不太懂英语从句,从句有几大分类?

句子的分类:由句子结构来讲,可分为三类简单一、简单句:由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子.eg.We cleaned the windows and tidied the room.二、并列句:由并列连词and,but,so,or,for等把两...,9,英语简单句5种基本基本句型:

主 + 谓(不及物动词) S+V eg the birds are f lying

主 + 谓(及物动词)宾 S+V +O eg.dogs like bones

主 + 谓(及物动词)宾 + 宾补 S+V +O +OC he makes me laugh .

主 + 谓(及物动词)直接宾 + ...,2,

首先来看看句子的分类,句子可以分为三种,如下图:

句子的分类

而从句也是一个句子,它是符合5大基本句型结构的简单句,但这个简单句(从句)又同时在另外一个句子(复合句)中担任某种句子成分。

学习从句,至少要理解上面三个概念

比如:

从句是:Who is the most beautiful movie star?谁是最漂亮的**明星?

从句句型分析:who=S=主语,is=V=谓语,the most beautiful movie star=C=主语补足语(表语)

复合句是:She asked who is the most beautiful movie star?他问谁是最漂亮的**明星?

复合句句型分析:she=S=主语,asked=V=谓语,who is the most beautiful movie star=O=宾语,所以Who is the most beautiful movie star?在复合句中是宾语从句。

所以,从句就是在复合句中担任某种句子成分的简单句。

我们知道,句子成分有7种:主语S,谓语V,宾语O,定语D,状语A,补语C,同位语T。

从句除了不能作谓语,其它都可以,所以常见的从句有6种,它们分别是:

6种常见从句

我们逐一来学习一下。

第一、主语从句

主语从句就是作主语的从句。

它的连接词有连词、连接副词、连词代词,如下图:

主语从句连接词

That she came to my birthday party?made me hy.

她来参加我的生日晚会了,这让我很高兴。

Where the English evening?will be held has not been announced.

英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。

主语从句放在句首时,句子显得很笨重,因此常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语后置,比如:

It?is a pity?that you he missed such a wonderful concert.

真遗憾你错过了这么精彩的一场音乐会。

温馨提示:在对符合句进行句型分析的时候,遇到从句的,先把从句当作一个句子成分先划出来,再对从句本身进行句型分析。

第二、表语从句

表语从句就是作表语的从句。

它的连接词有连词、连接副词、连词代词等,如下图:

表语从句连接词

My idea is?that we meet at the bus stop. 我的想法是我们在公共汽车站会面。

That is?why he didn't come to the meeting. 那就是他没有到会的原因。

Things were not?as if/though they had been before.事情不像以前那样。

第三、宾语从句

宾语从句就是作宾语的从句。

宾语从句的连接词

She said?that she would drop maths.?她说她要放弃数学。

I don't understand?why he ge it up midway.?我不理解她为什么半途而废。

Do you know?who broke the glass? 你知道是谁打破了杯子?

第四、同位语从句

同位语从句就是作同位语的从句。

它的连接词有连词、连接副词等,如下图:

同位语从句的连接词

The fact?that everyone loves beauty?is common sense. 爱美是常识。

I he no idea?where he was born.我不知道他出生在哪里。

其中,前面四种从句:主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句相当于名词短语,所以也叫名词性从句

我们再来看看相当于形容词的形容词性从句,也就是定语从句。

第五、定语从句

定语从句就是作定语的从句。

定语从句主要修饰、限定、描绘名词,有时修饰代词,放所修饰词后边。

定语从句的知识点如下图:

定语从句语法知识点

The girl?who wears a new dress?is my daughter.

那个穿新衣服的女孩是我的女儿。

The student?whose mother is a professor?studies very well.

那个学生的妈妈是一位教授,他学习很好。

This was the book?that interested me?last week.

这就是上周让我感兴趣的那本书。

The boy?that beat me in the ping pong game?was my deskmate.

在乒乓球比赛中击败我的那个男孩是我的同桌。

I will never forget the day?when I joined the Party.我永远忘不了人党的那一天。

接着看看相当于副词的状语从句。

第六、状语从句

状语从句就是作状语的从句。

在复合句中修饰主句中的谓语动词、形容词或副词,起状语作用的从句叫作状语从句。

状语从句的知识点如下图:

状语从句语法知识点

Soon after he jumps?his parachute will open. 他跳伞之后,降落伞就会打开。时间状语从句

It is three years?since he joined the army. 他参军已经三年了。时间状语从句

He didn't come to school?because he was ill. 他没有上学,因为他病了。原因状语从句

If you work hard,you will catch up with others. 如果你努力学习,你会赶上其他同学的。条件状语从句

He studied carefully and hard?so that he passed the exam. 他学习既仔细又努力,因此通过考试了。结果状语从句