1.你能不能帮我细讲一下高中英语的所有句子成分以及语法结构? 谢谢!

2.英语句型和句子有什么区别 ?

3.英语句子的组成部分的解析

英语的句法结构和语法结构_英语的句子组成结构和语法的区别

汉语语法和英语语法的区别在于语法使用手段不同

语法使用手段不同(汉语属于孤立语,主要的语法手段是词根组合表达不同的词,英语是属于屈折语,主要的语法手段是形态的变化);词语和句法成分对应不同(汉语的词语和句法成分的对应更加复杂);词、短语、句子对应关系不同(汉语的词、短语、句子构造基本一致,英语的句子结构和短语结构有明显区别)。

汉语属于孤立语,主要是靠词根组合表达不同的词,较少依赖于形态的变化,主要依靠虚词和语序,虚词和语序对语法结构和语法意义的表达具有重要的意义。语序不同,语法结构和语法意义不同,英语是属于屈折语,主要的语法手段便是形态的变化,并且词性的变化很复杂,构词主要使用不同的词缀,可以添加前缀、中缀、后缀,表达不同的词,词序非常灵活。

语法的简介:

语法(英文 :grammar)是语言学的一个分支,研究按确定用法来运用的"词类"、"词"的曲折变化或表示相互关系的其他手段以及词在句中的功能和关系。语言学的一个分支,研究按确定用法来运用的词类、词的曲折变化或表示相互关系的其他手段以及词在句中的功能和关系。

语法(grammar)这个术语有两层含义,一个指结构规律本身,即平常说的语法事实;另一个指语法学。语法学是研究、描写、解释语法结构规律的科学,是对客观存在着的语法系统的认识和说明。语法学的任务是描写、解释组成词、短语句子的规则和格式。

你能不能帮我细讲一下高中英语的所有句子成分以及语法结构? 谢谢!

第一个最根本的区别,句子必须有主语,有谓语。  

简单句的五种基本句型:  

主语+谓语。  

主语+谓语+宾语。  

主语+谓语+双宾语。  

主语+谓语+复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)

主语+连系动词+表语。  

由上可以看出,任何一个句子必须有主语有谓语(英语的谓语只能由动词充当)。 

第二个最根本的区别,句子必须有标点符号。

短语是字与字的连接构成一个意群.

而句子是由各个成分(至少有主语+谓语)的结合.

短语

put upa piece of paperthe swimming pool

句子

I love youI love you and you love me.I think you are right.

短语是由句法、语义和语用三个层面上能够搭配组合起来的没有句调的语言单位,又叫词组。它是大于词而又不成句的语法单位。句子是语言运用的基本单位,它由词、词组即短语构成,能表达一个完整的意思,如告诉别人一件事,提出一个问题,表示要求或者制止,表示某种感慨,表示对一段话的延续或省略。

英语句型和句子有什么区别 ?

一、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。

1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物。通常用名词或代词担任。

2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态。主要由动词担任。

3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征。通常由名词、代词 或形容词担任。

4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果。通常由名词或代词担任。

有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物(直接宾语),一个指人(间接宾语)。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote mea letter . (他给我写了一封信)

有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如:He wrote a letter tome . (他给我写了一封信)

5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如:

Shanghaiis a big city .(上海是个大城市)

6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。如:He works hard .(他工作努力)

7、宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。如:They usually keep their classroom clean.(他们通常让教室保持清洁)

/ He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常帮我做功课) / The teacher wanted me to

learn French all by myself.(老师要我自学法语)

☆同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步说明它的情况。如:Where is your classmateTom ?(你的同学汤姆在哪里?)

十、简单句

1、简单句的特点:简单句通常只由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成。

2、简单句的种类:简单句一般分为陈述句、疑问句、感叹句和祈使句四种。

十一、句子成分:主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语1、主语:

(1)由名词、代词(人称代词用主格)、动词不定式、动名词等充当,说明动作是“谁”发出的。如:The

painter painted a very nice picture. (画家画了一幅漂亮的画。) / They fought against SARS brely. (他们勇敢地与非典搏斗。) / To see is to believe. (耳听为虚眼见为实). / Helping animals

is to help people. (帮助动物就是帮助人类。)

(2)动词不定式或动名词做主语时可用it代替,而不定式或动名词移至表语或宾语之后。如:It is very comfortable to

he a Class A seat during the long journey. (在长途旅行中能有个甲等座位简直太舒服了。) / Eating too much is bad for

your health.(=It is bad for your health eating too much.)

(吃得太多对你的身体不利。)

(3)口语中常见主语或“主--系”省略:(It is) nothing. ((那)没有什么。)/

(It) doesn’t matter. ((那)没有关系。) / (I) thank you.

((我)谢谢你。)

(4)反意问句的附加问句,主语必须是代词:The man looks worried,doesn’t he? (这个人看上去很着急不是吗?) / Tigers are dangerous animals,aren’t they? (老虎是危险的动物不是吗?)

(5)祈使句一般省略主语。加主语时往往用来指定某个人。Keep the keyboards clean, children. (孩子们请保持键盘的清洁。) (省略了主语) / You go there andfetch me a glass of water. (你去给我弄一杯水来。)

(6)主语一般在句首,但在问句中会处于第二位和句尾;倒装句及there be句型主语在动词之后。如:Computers

are made in this factory. (计算机生产于这家工厂。) / Where are they? (他们在哪儿?)

/ Does the boy like staying home? (这个男孩喜欢呆在家里吗?)

(7)主语与谓语必须保持单、复数的一致, 而谓语与表语或宾语之间没有这一要求。Neither Jim nor Rose has passed the exam. (Jim和Rose都没有通过考试。) / The Chinese peopleare a hardworking and brepeople. (中华民族是一个勤劳勇敢的民族。)

(8)主语可以由从句充当,详见“主语从句”。

2、谓语:

(1)由“不及物动词”、“及物动词+宾语”或“系动词+表语”等构成,说明主语所表示的人物“干什么”或“怎么样”。如:

He trelled in space for the first time.(他首次在太空旅行。) / Who teaches you English this

year?(今年谁教你们的英语?) / The pizza has gone

bad. (那块烤馅饼已经变坏。) /

(2)谓语动词必须反映出人称、单复数、时态等信息,谓语动词往往由下列词语依序排列构成:[情态动词]+[时态助动词]+[语态助动词]+[主要动词](不一定全部出现)。(见动词的时态和语态构成表) 记住:谓语部分第一个动词往往是变形动词。如:

I am sorry I ammaking so much

noise but I he to. (对不起我发出了太大的声音但是只能这样。) / Hecan’t hefinished reading the

800-page-long novel. (他不可能读完了那本长达800页的。) / Something mustbedone

to stop the fowl flu from spreading out. (该取措施防止

禽流感蔓延。)

(3)谓语动词切忌用“行为动词1 + 原形动词”、“be + 原形动词”。

记住使用下列正确形式:

①情态动词+原形动词。如:You’d better go over the lesson.(你最好复习这一课。)

②shall/ will/ would+原形动词。如:They should he been there once.(他们应该去过那儿。)

③be+现在分词或者过去分词。如:What are you doingthis evening?(今晚你打算做什么?)/ Many trees he been cut down since 10s.(自从20世纪70年代大批树木被砍伐。)

④he+过去分词。如:Many trees hebeencut down since 10s.(意思同上)

⑤一般时问句和否定句中:do/does/did+原形动词。如:He does not enjoy himself

very much.(他日子过的不好。)/ Did any of you see

dinosaur eggs?(你们当中有谁见过恐龙蛋吗?)

⑥行为动词1+行为动词2 (不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词等形式)。如:He

made up his mind to be a vet.(他拿定主意要做个兽医。)/ Feeling good about yourself is

essential to feeling good about life.(自尊自爱是享受生活的根本。)/ They wake up the

other family members, calling,“Merry Christmas!”(他们叫醒家庭的其他成员,呼喊着:圣诞快乐!)/ The kings of ancient Egypt had

strong tombs built for themselves.(古代的埃及国王让人给他们自己修建坚固的坟墓。)

(4)不可用形容词、名词、代词、副词、介词短语等独立作谓语,必须在此之前加连系动词。

(5)谓语动词单复数形式:单数形式的动词有:is,was,has,does以及“动词+s”;复数形式的动词有:are,were,he以及动词原形。其他动词不分单、复数。

谓语部分第一个动词的形式 单数形式 复数形式

一般现在时be(是)动词;现在某些时态和语态的助动词be am (单一); are (单二); is (单三); are

一般过去时be(是)动词;过去某些时态和语态的助动词be was (单一); were (单二); was;(单三) were

一般现在时he(有)动词;现在完成时态的助动词he he (单一); he (单二); has (单三); he

一般现在时行为动词和助动词do do (单一、单二); does (单三) do

实意动词和连系动词的一般现在时动词(否定和疑问句除外) 原形动词(单一、单二); 动词+s /es (单三) 原形动词

其他各时态语态的谓语动词 单复数形式相同

记住:主语、谓语单复数必须保持一致。(参见“4、名词或代词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题:”)Air andwateris necessary to us all.(空气和水对于我们大家是必不可少的。)

(6)一般问句和反意问句的回答不使用行为动词,应该使用“是”动词、情态动词、助动词(be,will,he,do以及变形)。如:TheOlympic Games is held every other year, isn’t it? ----Yes, it is.(奥运会每两年举办一次,是吗?----是的。)

3、宾语:

(1) 由名词、代词(人称代词要用宾格)、不定式、动名词、(宾语)从句充当,表示动作的承受者是“谁”或者是“何物”。如: The angel also came to

Joseph and toldhimthe same thing.(那个天使同样来到约瑟夫面前并且告诉他同样的事情。)(代词和名词充当两个宾语) / He told me that the company could not afford to pay him so

much money.(他告诉我说公司付不起他那么多的钱。)(不定式作宾语) / They enjoy watching football

games so much that they often forget their lessons.(他们如此喜爱看足球以至于常常忘记了他们的功课。)(动名词作宾语) / I think to be a children’s doctor is very rewarding.(我认为当个儿童医生是很值得的。)(从句作宾语)

(2) 只有及物动词或介词才有宾语,不及物动词没有宾语,如果涉及到事物,则必须在不及物动词后面加合适的介词。Listen to the radio. (listen不是及物动词,故加to。) / Can you hearanything exciting?(你能听到什么令人兴奋的消息吗?)

(3) 宾语一般放在及物动词或介词的后面,但是在疑问句中,如果宾语是疑问词,则宾语要放在句首。介词的宾语如果是疑问词,则可以放在介词后或句首。如:What did he see? (他看见了什么?) / What does he write a letter with? (他用什么写的信?) / With what does he write aletter? (他用什么写的信?)

(4)“动词+副词+宾语”结构中,如果宾语是代词,则代词必须放在“动”“副”之间。如:Please put the shoes away. (请把鞋子收起来。) / Please put away the shoes.

(请把鞋子收起来。) / Please put them

away. (请把它们收起来。)

(5) 动词后面跟双宾语时可以用两种结构:

①动词+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)。如:Heoften gives mesome help. (他常常帮我。)

②动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语。注意,一般情况介词用to,但动词是make, buy, borrow时,介词用for.如:Please make mea kite. (请给我做个风筝。)或Please make a kite for me.

(6) 在“动词+宾语+宾补”结构中,如果宾语是不定式、动名词、宾语从句,则常用it做形式宾语,而将实际的宾语移到补语后面去。如:I found the jobrather difficult. (我发觉这个工作相当难做。) / I found it rather difficult to do the job.

(7) 宾语可以由从句充当,详见“宾语从句”。

4、表语:

(1) 说明主语的身份、性质、状况等含义的成分,通常由形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、代词等充当。如:He became a doctor

after he left high school.(高中毕业他当上了医生。) / The rubber wheels are over there.(橡胶轮子在那边。) / He does not feel like eating

anything today because he has caught a bad cold.(他今天不想吃任何东西因为他得了重感冒。) / Who is it?(谁呀?)

(2) 表语只能放在连系动词(如:be,look,become,turnget,grow,feel,seem) 之后,对表语进行提问的句子除外。

(3)代词做表语一般用主格,口语中常用宾。如:It’s I. (It’s me.)是我。

(4) 只能作表语的形容词有:sorry,afraid,alone,asleep,awake,ill,well,sure,interested等等。He was terribly sorry for his

carelessness.(他很为他的粗心而歉疚。) / Please make no noise here; the baby

is asleep.(请不要发出响动,婴儿正熟睡呢。) / I am only interested

in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all!(我只是对独坐孤舟无所事事感兴趣。) / I am not alone in

thinking so.(并非只有我才这样想的。)

(5)表语也可以由从句充当,详见“表语从句”。

5、定语:

(1) 修饰名词或代词的成分,常由形容词、名词(含所有格)、代词(物主、指示、疑问、不定)、介词短语、不定式(短语)充当,在初三阶段还学习了定语从句做定语的知识。如:Put it in the top drawer.(把它放在最上层的抽屉里。) / France and Switzerland are European

countries. (法国和瑞士是欧洲国家。) / His mother and

father are both college teachers.(他的父母都是大学教师。) / This is the day that I can never forget in my life.(这是我一辈子难忘的日子。)

(2) 单词做定语时一般放在被修饰的名词前面,而且有一定的次序:

冠词/物代 年龄/形状/大小/温度 色彩 来源 质地/材料 目的/用途 被修饰的名词(中心词)

athemyhis… old,young,… red,yellow,blue,… Chinese,English, American,… wooden,woolen,glass,silk,paper… meeting,tennis,sports,reading,swimming,… box,shoes,room,pig…

long,short,round, square…

big, large,small, little…

hot, cold, warm, cool…

(3) 时间副词(now,then,today,yesterday,...)、地点副词(here,there,back,in,out,home,...作定语时放在被修饰的名词后面。如:I could not find my way out,so I stayed there all along. (我找不到出去的路,所以就一直呆在那儿。)

(4) 介词短语修饰名词时只能放在名词的后面:The monkey in the cage was caught yesterday. (笼子里的猴子是昨天逮着的。)

(5) 形容词修饰复合不定代词时,往往后置。如:He remembered everything unusual.(他记得所有不寻常的事情。)

(6) 定语还可以用从句充当,详见定语从句。

(7) 注意:由于定语属于修饰性的成分,因此它常归入主语、宾语、表语之中,不作为句子的主要成分。

6、状语:

(1) 说明动作“何时”、“何地”、“如何”发生,或者说明形容词或副词的程度,一般由副词、介词短语、不定式、状语从句等充当。如:I was not born yesterday.(我又不是昨天才出世的娃娃。)/ For many of these

familiesa college education was something new.(对其中的许多家庭来说,大学教育是件新事物。)/ He woke upto find his house on fire.(他醒来发现房子着火了。) / You cannot lee until your work

is finished.(在你的工作被完成以前你不能离开)

(2) 副词作状语位置较为灵活,详见《六·2》“副词在句子中的位置以及作用”;介词短语作状语,位置基本固定,详见《七·4》“介词短语在句子中的位置”;不定式作状语,一般表示目的、结果,详见《八·7》“动词的非谓语形式”;从句作状语,详见《主从复合句》的“状语从句”。

(3) 多个状语相连时,一般先单词、后短语,先地点、后时间,先小概念、后大概念。如:He went ouf of the roomat

a quarter to 23:00last night and then

diseared into the dark.(他昨夜22点3刻从房间里出来,然后消失在黑暗之中。) /

(4) 状语还可以用从句来充当,有时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、比较状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句等。详见“状语从句”。

(5) 注意:由于状语属于修饰性的成分,常归入谓语,因此不作为句子的主要成分。

7、宾语补足语:

(1) 补充说明宾语的动作、状态的成分为宾语补足语,常由名词、形容词、动词非谓语形式(不定式、现在分词、过去分词等)、介词短语等充当。如:Call him Jim,

please. (请叫他Jim。) / I tried my best to make him hy.

(我竭尽所能让他开心。) / Ask her to come to

dinner tomorrow. (请他明天来。) / He let the smaller animals bring food to him.

(他让小动物们给他带食物来。)阿

(2) 部分表示位置、方向的副词也可以作宾语补足语。如:Let him in, I tell you!

(我跟你说,让他进来!)/

Please put it away. (请把它收起来。)

(3) 不定式或分词作宾语补足语的情况,详见《八·7》“动词的非谓语形式”相关内容。

十二、简单句五种基本句型:

句子包含主要句子成分(主语、谓语)和次要句子成分(表语、宾语、宾语补足语),按照动词的性质将英语简单句划分为以下五种基本句型:

1、基本句型的词序: 2、划分符号(没有统一规定,仅供参考):

主谓句型:S-Vi。主系表句型:S-Vlink-P主谓宾句型:S-Vt.-O主谓双宾句型:S-Vt-O间宾-O直宾主谓宾补句型:S-Vt-O-C

3、例句:Jimis working [very hard] [now].(他现在正非常努力地工作。)

Sheisyoung. (她年轻。) Itlookslike rain. (天看上去要下雨。)

The

boy [always] kickedthe dog [with

his feet]. (这男孩老是用脚踢那只狗。)

Hehas [never] boughtmea toy [since last year]. (从去年起他没给我买过一个玩具。)

Hefeltsomething (cold)<moving up his leg>.(他感到有个冰冷的东西顺着腿上爬。)

英语句子的组成部分的解析

英语的句型是语法的一类,英语的句子就是(完整的)一句话

语法就是语言的英文法则,语言的结构方式,这和句子是完全不同的两个概念

英语的句子按照结构可以分成三种,简单句,并列句,复合句

简单句的句型最基本可以分成五种

1主语+谓语

主语就是人或物,谓语由动词充当,表示人或物的某种行为(状态),就是简单的一个句子

2主语+谓语+宾语

表示人对宾语的对象的某种行为

3主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语

宾语有两个,间接宾语就是谓语需要借助间接宾语把动作传到直接宾语上

主要是一些动作需要这样

4主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语

宾语补足语主要是补充说明宾语的情况,它不是具体的单词,它是对宾语的补充

5主语+系动词+表语

一般感官类动词后边接形容词,be动词后边接名词或者不定式

这是很基础的,然后随着学习的阶段的关系还有更复杂的句型,句子就是很简单一句话就完了

Different parts of a sentence概念句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的.组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分.句子的成分包括:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接和间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语.主语和谓语是句子的主体部分(在英语中,一般句子必须有主语和谓语),表语、宾语和宾语的补足语是谓语里的组成部分.其他成份如定语和状语是句子的次要成分.▲句子成分分类1.主语 主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”.一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当,也有从句充当的现象.大多数主语都在句首.如:讲述“谁”We work in a big factory. 讲述“什么”The classroom is very big. 数词作主语Three are enough. 三个人就够了不定式作主语To operate on the blind is one of the ORBIS Doctor’s job.从句作主语What we need is food. 我们最需要的是食物.▲ 在“There be …”句型中,主语的位置在中间.如:There are some bottles of milk in the box.▲ 在个别句型中,主语在整个句子后面,这时前面用it作形式主语.如: It is very interesting to play the game called “treat or trick”. It took two workers about three months to build the house.2.谓语谓语时用来说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”,谓语必须是动词,谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致.如:He is very generous.She looks very smart and coolWe he finished the job.He can speak German.3.表语 表语说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、介词、副词、不定式及相当于名词的词或短语来充当,它的位置在系动词后面. 形容词作表语You look younger than before. 名词作表语 My father is a teacher. 副词作表语Everyone is here.介词短语作表语They are at the theatre.不定式作表语My job is to teach them English.动名词作表语Her job is training the nurses.从句作表语That is why he didn’t come to school yesterday.4.宾语▲宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式、或相当于名词的词或短语或从句来充当,它和谓语动词一起说明主语是什么,通常放在谓语动词后面.有时,会有双宾语.如:名词作宾语He never forgives others for their mistakes.代词做宾语He often helps me.不定式作宾语He likes to sleep in the open air.动名词作宾语The Americans enjoyed living in China.从句做宾语I believe that they can finish the work in time.▲直接宾语和间接宾语及物动词作谓语时,后面要跟宾语,宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语是及物动词的对象.但有些动词除了直接宾语外,还需要有一个间接宾语,间接宾语表语动作是对谁做的,所以只能用名词或代词来充当.如:We brought them some food.主 谓 间宾 直宾间接宾语可以放在直接宾语后面,但必须加to 或 for.5.宾语的补足语 在英语的句子中有些句子里只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思,还必须在宾语后面加上宾语的补足语才能表达完整的意思.我们把“宾语+宾语补足语”合起来称为复合宾语.复合宾语所表达的意思相当于一个巨资的意思.名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词都可以作宾语补足语.如:名词作宾补If you let me go, I’ll make you king.形容词作宾补Don’t make your hands dirty.副词作宾补We found Li Ming out when we arrived.介词短语作宾补Make yourself at home.省略to的不定式作宾补I saw a girl go into the building.带to的不定式作宾补The boy ordered the dog to lie down.现在分词作宾补The boss kept them working all day.过去分词作宾补Yesterday he got his leg broken.在英语中,常见的“宾语+宾语补足语”的结构有:▲“宾语+名词”.常用于改结构的动词有:call, name, make, find, choose, think, lee等. We call him Jack. They made Li Lei their monitor.▲“宾语+形容词”.常见的动词有think, believe, lee, drive, make, keep, turn, wish, want等.如:Do you think his idea wrong?We must keep our classroom clean.We can’t lee him alone.Can you get everything ready for the party before Friday?▲“宾语+副词”.副词作宾补常表示宾语的状态,与宾语有逻辑上的主表关系.常见的副词有:down, up, here, there, home, in, out, anywhere等.如: Let him in/ out. Mr. Li drove us home.When got there, we found him out.▲“宾语+介词短语”.介词短语作宾补常表示其逻辑主语(即宾语)所处的状态,两者有主表的关系.如: We found everything in good order. We regard him as our good friend.He opened the door and found some of his friends in the rain.▲“宾语+不定式”.充当宾补的不定式有三种: A 要求带to的不定式The cool water of the lake invited us to swim. B 要求不带to 的不定式 let, make, see, hear, watch等 The boss made the workers work 12 hours a day. I often hear him read English in his room. C 单词help 后可加 to 或不加 to She sometimes helps her mother (to) do housework.▲“宾语+现在分词”.现在分词作宾补,此时在该句型中的宾语即为现在分词逻辑上的主语,有着主谓关系. I saw them playing on the playground.I heard Mary singing in the classroom.▲“宾语+过去分词”.宾语和宾补之间是被动关系,过去分词表示被动和完成. I had my bike stolen. The teacher explained again and again to make himself understood.▲ 形式宾语+形容词 We found it impossible to get there before Saturday.▲宾语+what 从句Call me what you like.Mr. Li has made the factory what it is today.The mountain village is different from what it was ten years ago.6.定语▲ 定语用来修饰名词或代词.形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不定式或相当于形容词的词或短语等都可以充当定语.因为它是修饰名词或代词的,而名词和代词可以作主语、表语或宾语,所以定语的位置很灵活,凡是有名词、代词的地方都可以有定语.如: 形容词作定语 The black bike is mine. 代词作定语 What’s your name?名词作定语They made some paper flowers.介词短语作定语 The boys in the room are in Class Three, Grade One.不定式作短语 I he lots to eat and drink.从句作定语 The tall boy who is standing there is Peter.▲ 在英语中,并不是所有的定语都放在被修饰词的前面,有的是放在被修饰词的后面,故称“后置定语”.▲ 修饰不定代词 something, anything, nothing, something, anyone, somebody, anybody, nobody 的定语必须后置.如: We’ll go to he something English. If you don’t know the answer, ask someone else. Do you he anything important to tell me?▲介词短语作定语时要后置.如: Do you know the boy behind the tree?

The students in the room are all my friends. I think the picture on the left is better than the one on the right.▲动词的不定式作定语时要后置 What about something to drink? I he no time to trel to China is in Autumn or in Spring.注 动词不定式作主语时,to 后面的动词必须是及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语.如果时短语时,那么与动词搭配的介词或副词是不能少的. Do you he any piece of music to listen to? ▲nearby, below, downstairs等个别方位词作定语时要后置.如:We are at the top of the hill. Can you see the village below?The people downstairs are listening to a talk now?They took the boy to the hospital nearby at once.7.状语 状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词.它表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等,一般由副词、介词短语、不定式,从句或相当于副词的词或短语来充当.状语一般放在句末,但有时也可以放在句首、句中.如: He did it carefully They missed me very much. Without his help, we couldn’t work it out. In order to catch up with my classmates, I must study hard. When I was young, I could swim well.